英作文/句

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2015年4月23日 (木) 05:37時点における版

句

句（以下フレーズ＝Phrasesと表記)とは、２つ以上の語のかたまりで１つの品詞（語）と同じような働きをするもので、S+Vを含みません。フレーズにはいくつかのタイプがあります。一般的にそれぞれのフレーズの働きが名詞的か、形容詞的か、副詞的かというとらえかたをします。ここでは、前置詞句（Prepositional Phrases）と動名詞句（Gerund Phrases）、そして句動詞（Phrasal Verbs）を使ったセンテンスをみてみましょう。

前置詞句 Prepositional Phrases

前置詞＋（the/a）＋名詞　の形をとり、どこ(where)やいつ(when)、どういうふうに(how)などを表したり補足します。

前置詞句を作る前置詞

about    above    according to    across    after    ahead of    along    among    apart from    around    
as    as far as    at    because of    before    behind    below    beside    between    beyond    but(except)
concerning    contrary to    despite    down    during    except    for    from    in    in addition to    
in front of    in place of    in regard to    in spite of    in view of    instead of    into    like    near
of    off    on    on account of    out    out of    outside    over    past    since    through    to    toward  
under    underneath    until(till)    up    up to    upon    with    within    without

どこ(where)を表す例：

My brother parked the car in front of the garage and came into the house.

in front of とintoという前置詞を使った、太字部分の２つの前置詞句が含まれています。

いつ(when)を表す例：

Your homework must be finished before next Monday.

before を使った太字の部分が前置詞句です。

どういうふうに(how)を表す例：

Because I was not properly dressed, I felt out of place at the party.

out ofを使った太字部分が前置詞句です。

練習問題

Exercise1 （前置詞句）

それぞれのセンテンスの前置詞句を書きなさい。各センテンスに１つとは限りません。~

1. He works in an office.~

   (in an office)

2. After the movie we went to the coffee shop for ice cream.~

   (after the movie,  to the coffee shop,  for ice cream)

3. The math test did not seem too difficult for them.~

   (for them)

4, They were talking about who would go to the soccor game.~

   (about who would,  to the soccor game)

5. The Suzukis live across the street from my grandmother.~

   (across the street,  from my grandmother)

6. I went to the concert with James.~

   (with James)

7. Lisa told her boss she would see him at 9:00 in the morning.~

   (at 9:oo,  in the morning)

8. Let's meet in front of the theater.~

   (in front of the theater)

9. I could't sleep well because of the traffic noise.~

   (because of the traffic noise)

10. In spite of the traffic, we arrived on time.~

   (in spite of the traffic,  on time)

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