英作文/疑問文
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英作文 ＞ 疑問文
目次 |
疑問文
ここでは、Indirect question（間接疑問文）と Tag question（付加疑問文）の表現方法に的を絞ります。
Indirect Questions（間接疑問文）
平叙文の中に間接疑問文が挿入される場合
平叙文の中に間接疑問文が挿入される場合は、普通の疑問文とは語順が異なり、次のようになります。
Subject + Verb(Phrase) + Question word + Subject + Verb
相手から答えを期待する（質問する）ものではなく、従って文末はクェスチョンマークではなくピリオドになります。
e.g :
Is she in the office ? → I(S) don't know(V) where(QW) she(S) is(V) .
When will they leave for London ? → I(S) 'm not(V) sure when(QW) they(S) will leave(V) for London.
How much is this camera ? → I(S) don’t know(V) how much(QW) this camera(S) is(V) .
間接疑問文が疑問文の一部分を構成するとき
間接疑問文が疑問文の一部分を構成するとき、主節は通常の疑問文の語順、従属節は間接疑問文の語順になります。
Auxiliary（助動）+ Subject + Verb + Question word + Subject + Verb
こちらは相手に質問しているもので、文末にクェスチョンマークを付けます。
e.g :
How tall is he ? → Do(Aux) you(S) know(V) how tall(QW) he(S) is(V) ?
Where is the bus station ? → Can(Aux) you(S) tell(V) me where(QW) the bus station(S) is(V) ?
Why were they late ? → Do(Aux) you(S) know(V) why(QW) they(S) were late(V) ?
間接疑問文ではQW(疑問詞) とS(主語)の間にAuxiliary (助動詞) がありません。 助動詞が省略されているときには、メインの動詞がその主語の時制を示します。
e.g :
Who painted the wall ? → We don't know who painted the wall.
Which color suits you best ? → I ‘m not sure which color suits me best.
Is... ? / Do... ? / Can... ? などの yes/no で答える疑問文では、ifまたは whether(“- かどうか”の意)を使うことが出来ます。
e.g :
Is James at home ? → Do you know if / whether James is at home ?
Have they gone away ? → I don't know if / whether they've gone away.
Tag Questions（付加疑問文）
相手に念を押したり確認をとる表現で、次のような並びになります。
普通の肯定文/否定文 ＋ ,（コンマ） ＋ Tag question（付加疑問文）
意味は「～ですよね？」「～ではないですよね？」となります。
ベースとなる文が肯定文のときコンマの後ろは否定形(～ですよね？)、ベースが否定文のときコンマの後ろは普通の疑問文の形(～ではないですよね？)になります。
e.g :
Mary won the prize, didn't she ?
Gloria speaks English very well, doesn't she ?
The door is open, isn't it ?
There will be his presentation at the next meeting, won't there ?
We are not going out this evening, are we ?
You won't work late, will you ?
Tom and Matt didn’t go to school yesterday, did they ?
“ have ”がメインの動詞として使われている場合は、後ろにくる疑問文の助動詞として“do, does, did ”を使います。
e.g :
We have enough food for a week, don't we ?
Mr, Millar has three children, doesn't he ?
Your mother had a terrible back pain last week, didn't she ?
“ have”が助動詞として使われている場合は、後ろにくる疑問文にそのまま使用します。
e.g :
The Morgans have visited your house before, haven't they ?
Anna has already seen that movie, hasn't she ?
練習問題
Exercise1 （間接疑問文、Indirect Questions）
Complete the following sentences, using the indirect question forms.（間接疑問形を使って文章を完成させなさい。）
- Whose books are these ?
→ 例：Do you know [whose books these are] ? - What time is it ?
→ Tell me [___________________] . - Where does Sarah come from ?
→ Let's ask Sarah [___________________________________] . - How far is it from his house to the station ?
→ Do you know [_________________] ? - How long does it take to the station from here ?
→ How long do you think [______________________] ? - Who wrote this essay ?
→ I wonder [_______________] . - Why did you miss English class yesterday ?
→ Please explain [______________________________] . - Did anybody see him ?
→ We don't know [_____________] .
→ 解答はこちら
Exercise2 （タグ質問文）
Finish the following sentences by using the correct tag question.（付加疑問文を補って文章を完成させなさい。）
- 例：You can play the piano very well, [can't you] ?
- Sue will be home tomorrow, [_____________________] ?
- It snows a lot in the North, [_________________________] ?
- You haven't met my sister, [_____________________] ?
- You don't know the Asian food market, [___________________] ?
- We shouldn't be here, [____________________________] ?
- Kei is going to Hong Kong next week, [____________________] ?
- There were many collage students in the antiwar demonstration, [___________________________] ?
→ 解答はこちら
