英作文/疑問文

英作文＞ 疑問文

疑問文

ここでは、Indirect question（間接疑問文）と　Tag question（付加疑問文）の表現方法に的を絞ります。

平叙文の中に間接疑問文が挿入される場合は、普通の疑問文とは語順が異なり、次のようになります。

Subject　+　Verb(Phrase)　+　Question word  +  Subject　+  Verb

相手から答えを期待する（質問する）ものではなく、従って文末はクェスチョンマークではなくピリオドになります。

e.g :

Is she in the office ? → I(S) don't know(V) where(QW) she(S) is(V) .

When will they leave for London ?  → I(S) 'm not(V) sure when(QW) they(S) will leave(V) for London.

How much is this camera ? → I(S) don't know(V) how much(QW) this camera(S) is(V) .

間接疑問文が疑問文の一部分を構成するとき、主節は通常の疑問文の語順、従属節は間接疑問文の語順になります。

Auxiliary（助動）+  Subject  +  Verb  +  Question word  +  Subject  +  Verb

こちらは相手に質問しているもので、文末にクェスチョンマークを付けます。

e.g :

How tall is he ? → Do(Aux) you(S) know(V) how tall(QW) he(S) is(V) ?

Where is the bus station ? → Can(Aux) you(S) tell(V) me where(QW) the bus station(S) is(V) ?

Why were they late ? → Do(Aux) you(S) know(V) why(QW) they(S) were late(V) ?

間接疑問文ではQW(疑問詞) とS(主語)の間にAuxiliary (助動詞) がありません。助動詞が省略されているときには、メインの動詞がその主語の時制を示します。

e.g :

Who painted the wall ? → We don't know who painted the wall.

Which color suits you best ? →  I'm not sure which color suits me best.

Is... ? / Do... ? / Can... ? などの yes/no で答える疑問文では、ifまたは whether(“- かどうか”の意)を使うことが出来ます。

e.g :

Is James at home ? →  Do you know if / whether James is at home ?

Have they gone away ? →  I don't know if / whether they've gone away.

相手に念を押したり確認をとる表現で、次のような並びになります。

普通の肯定文/否定文　＋　,（コンマ）　＋　Tag question（付加疑問文）

意味は「～ですよね？」「～ではないですよね？」となります。

ベースとなる文が肯定文のときコンマの後ろは否定形(～ですよね？)、ベースが否定文のときコンマの後ろは普通の疑問文の形(～ではないですよね？)になります。

e.g :

Mary won the prize, didn't she ?

Gloria speaks English very well, doesn't she ?

The door is open, isn't it ?

There will be his presentation at the next meeting, won't there ?

We are not going out this evening, are we ?

You won't work late, will you ?

Tom and Matt didn't go to school yesterday, did they ?

“ have ”がメインの動詞として使われている場合は、後ろにくる疑問文の助動詞として“do, does, did ”を使います。

e.g :

We have enough food for a week, don't we ?

Mr, Millar has three children, doesn't he ?

Your mother had a terrible back pain last week, didn't she ?

“ have”が助動詞として使われている場合は、後ろにくる疑問文にそのまま使用します。

e.g :

The Morgans have visited your house before, haven't they ?

Anna has already seen that movie, hasn't she ?

Complete the following sentences, using the indirect question forms.（間接疑問形を使って文章を完成させなさい。）

Whose books are these ?
→ 例：Do you know [whose books these are] ?
What time is it ?
→ Tell me [___________________] .
Where does Sarah come from ?
→ Let's ask Sarah [___________________________________] .
How far is it from his house to the station ?
→ Do you know [_________________] ?
How long does it take to the station from here ?
→ How long do you think [______________________] ?
Who wrote this essay ?
→ I wonder [_______________] .
Why did you miss English class yesterday ?
→ Please explain [______________________________] .
Did anybody see him ?
→ We don't know [_____________] .

Finish the following sentences by using the correct tag question.（付加疑問文を補って文章を完成させなさい。）

例：You can play the piano very well, [can't you] ?
Sue will be home tomorrow, [_____________________] ?
It snows a lot in the North, [_________________________] ?
You haven't met my sister, [_____________________] ?
You don't know the Asian food market, [___________________] ?
We shouldn't be here, [____________________________] ?
Kei is going to Hong Kong next week, [____________________] ?
There were many collage students in the antiwar demonstration, [___________________________] ?